Essay on Renewable Energy - 1216 Words

Energy Energy is a crucial necessity and with the ever increasing need for it and the high and fluctuating prices of oil, researchers are constantly coming up with newer and more sophisticated alternative sources of energy. However, energy comes at a cost, as it is either expensive or it possesses high health risks. This essay presents the concept of energy by discussing the two major types of energy, the various forms it could take, including renewable sources of energy, energy conservation and above all it talks about the safest and cleanest alternatives. Gottfried Leibniz first coined the term energy from the concept vis viva to refer to the square totality of an object’s mass and its speed, where total vis viva is stored. Energy is†¦show more content†¦Other types of energy lie between kinetic and potential energy or are an amalgamation of both types. There are no definite forms of energy since possibilities of new forms of energy are limitless. However, the various forms of energy in physical science include thermal, chemical, electric, radiant, nuclear, magnetic, elastic, sound, mechanical, and luminous energies (Foland 13). Thermal energy or heat is the energy in random motion of particles. Chemical energy refers to the energy from the aggregate of positioning of electrons and protons. Radiant energy is the energy of electromagnetic radiation while nuclear energy and electric potential energy is energy emanating from nuclear fission and electrical processes respectively. Sound is a form of mechanical vibration, which propagates through any mechanical medium. It is closely related to the ability of the human ear to perceive noise. Clean sources of energy basically refer to those that do not encompass the burning of coal, petroleum or its products and the transformation of solid waste or nuclear division (Broyles 23). Therefore, renewable types of energy could be termed as clean sources of power because they are products of natural sources and do not emit hazardous by-products. Safe energy is not poisonous, is healthy, renewable, and sustainable and does not have devastating effects on the lives of the users, theShow MoreRelatedRenewable Energies : Renewable Energy980 Words   |  4 PagesRenewable Energies BHARC1403 - ICWS Rishabh Bhasin â€Æ' â€Å"I declare that this assessment is my own work and that the sources of information and material I have used (including the internet) have been fully identified and properly acknowledged as required in the referencing guidelines provided.† â€Æ' Introduction Renewable sources of energy are the ones that can never be exhausted as they are provided by nature. For example- solar, hydro, wind, biomass. They produce little or no pollution and henceRead MoreRenewable Energy : The Energy926 Words   |  4 PagesRenewable Energy Is it possible to live without energy? Lately, the consumption of energy is increasing due to the growth of the world population. In this technological era where all the devices work by using energy, the new humankind challenge is providing sufficient amounts of energy. At Yale University, Dr. Ronald Smith teaches some courses in the areas of meteorology, oceanography, fluid mechanics, atmospheric physics, applied mathematics, mesoscale dynamics, environmental remote sensing. InRead MoreRenewable Energy : Renewable Resources1944 Words   |  8 PagesRenewable energy: energy in which comes from natural resources that are naturally replenished, such as sunlight, wind, rain, tides, and geothermal heat (Bhatia, 2014). This essay is focused on the main three renewable energies, wind, sunlight, and water. Renewable resources are well on the way to out rule the fossil fuel industry because of the diminishing amount of fossil fuels left in the world and increase of renewable resource use, the damage fossil fuels do to the environment, and the variousRead MoreRenewable Resources For Renewable Energy Essay1157 Words   |  5 Pages Renewable Resources used to be a source that was futuristic and far beyond the time period. Fossil Fuels are damaging to the home that is named Earth. Americans should support the production of renewable resources because they are more efficient, the world will experience a decline in the emission of Fossil Fuels, and the use of of WWS (Wind, Water, Solar) Resources will produce a more resilient source when compared to the sources that in effect now. WWS Resources produce more efficiently thanRead MoreThe Energy, Clean Renewable Energy902 Words   |  4 Pagesseems to be right within humanities grasp? The answer is energy, clean renewable energy. With the increasing advances in modern society, as does the requirement of more energy becomes necessary. Currently humanity are facing a dilemma where humans are burning threw nonrenewable resources such as fossil fuels, coal, natural gas, and oil faster than they can be replenished from a set stock. Civilization also faces problems stemming from harmful energy sources such as nuclear, and fossil fuels, etc. wereRead MoreEnergy Efficiency And Renewable Energy1975 Words   |  8 Pagessource of energy is the one that is inexhaustible and can also be naturally replenished and readily produced. The next step would be to develop that type of renewable energy efficiently while also distributing it more effectively. The most rational way to create and produce energy is to generate it renewa bly by utilizing naturally reoccurring resources. Perhaps, that is why energy efficiency and renewable energy are gaining more and more attention from the largest names in the financial, energy, and industrialRead MoreRenewable Energy: Is It the Solution?1571 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Renewable energy is considered a revolutionary thing, something that can save us from peak oil and climate change, but is it really what it seems? Renewable energy can help ease our predicament. There are multiple ways to achieve this, including the use of newer, greener technologies such as wind, solar power, and biomass. The purpose of this paper is to educate, theorize, and discuss various aspects of renewable energy, such as its history, development, and the advantages and disadvantagesRead MoreEssay on Renewable Energy873 Words   |  4 PagesSoutheast Polk High School opened they added many new energy saving products. This included installing geothermal heating under the high school cutting back on the cost of heating such a large building. Many new windows help save on energy used to light the building along with automatic lights that turn off after several minutes without movement. The new high school shows how easy it is to save money and help the environment. Renewable energy is good for all aspects of the U.S, providing jobs, economicalRead MoreEnergy Sources Of Renewable Energy1944 Words   |  8 PagesExecutive Summary The development of renewable and alternative energy is becoming more and more necessary as the traditional fossil fuel energy is a non-renewable energy and can cause various environmental problems such as the global warming effect. However, the challenge today in generating alternative energy is to find a cost effective way while has the smallest harmful environmental impacts. Developing bioenergy have the advantage of reducing greenhouse gas emission while creating great economicRead MoreRenewable Energy Essay813 Words   |  4 PagesStudyonlinenow Renewable Energy Is Only Part of the Best Way to Prevent Climate Change In our present life we are going through two of the main hazardous changes on the Earth, global warming and greenhouse affects. We want mankind to survive for a very long time, but if we keep using non-renewable energies the way we do, do you think we will be able to survive for a long time? I strongly believe that renewable energy is only part of the best way to prevent climate change. In this essay I

Marketing and Nescafe - 1262 Words

About Nescafe Nestle, the largest confectionary, nutrition and Food Company in the world. Nescafe is one of its renowned brands in the business of traditional hot and cold energizing solubles like coffee and is available almost in every part of the world in different forms and variants. It was named as one of the top 100 brands of the world by Bloomberg business week (Top 100 Brands of 2008, 2008). Today, its offerings are available in 32 countries including France, China, Canada, Pakistan, India, UK, USA and others(Nescafe, 2010). Nescafe s Global Strategy Nescafe has build a strong brand equity through the use of aggressive marketing strategies globally. Each country/region s Nescafe forms its own strategy to effectively†¦show more content†¦Marketing Communication Agencies Nescafe s lead global agencies are McCann Erickson amp; Publicis Mojo while also have MindShare as their global media amp; creative Agency (Jain, 2007). These global agencies have either affliations with local agencies in different countries or have their own subsidaries. Thus, the affliated agencies or the subsidaries become the local agencies of their clients and work with their global partner to create a universal image, perception and equity of the brand. Like the local agency in Sweden for Nescafe is Storakers McCann which is affliated with McCann Erikson while in Pakistan its Orient McErikson. In France, it is Publicis Conseil which has affliation with Publicis Mojo. Importance of Advertising for Nescafe Advertising for Nescafe is important to create positive feeling and attitude of consumers towards the brand which will eventually lead to purchase. Advertising plays a vital part in communicating a competitive advantage and to make consumers feel that the product suits their requirements and has the same personality as theirs. Due to factors like culture and differences in attitudes and behaviors in each country/region that has its own beverage used as stimulant or energizers. Like in some regions its tree and in others its green tea or coffee. Thus, to capture the non-coffee drinking markets, it is essential to aggresively advertise theShow MoreRelatedSustainable Marketing Strategy For Nescafe Coffee Essay1970 Words   |  8 Pages Sustainable Marketing: Sustainable marketing looks to benefit from the expanded worth buyers put on eco-accommodating items and organizations that have an apparent responsibility to manageability in their business forms. The interest for all the more socially and earth dependable items and administrations is developing quick, yet the old methodologies of promoting and showcasing can accomplish more mischief than great. This course will help advertisers reconsider the nuts and bolts over the promotingRead MoreInternational Marketing Analysis Report For Nestle Essay1636 Words   |  7 PagesThis report is aiming to create an international Marketing Analysis report for Nestlà ©. This report will mainly focus on the evaluation of Nestlà © s international marketing activities and that of their key competitors. The latest trends and developments within this particular sector investigate will also be investigated. Nescafà ©, the instant coffee from Nestlà © is the most famous products of the company, therefore Nescafà © has been chosen as the company s products for the purpose of this report toRead MoreNescafe Products Are Produced By Nestle1343 Words   |  6 PagesHistory of Nescafe Nescafe products are produced by Nestle. Nescafà © coffee originated in Brazil in the 1930s when Brazilian government asked the Nestle Company to find a way to preserve its huge coffee surpluses. After eight years of researched, coffee specialist, Max Morgenthaler, and his team successfully create a delicious cup of coffee by just simply adding boiling water. They succeeded in producing the world’s first instant coffee extract and were well known around the world. (Nescafe, 2017) Read MoreThe Objective Of Nestle India Essay1445 Words   |  6 Pagesand behaviours are encapsulated in the easy phrase, â€Å"Good Food, Good Life†, a phrase that sums up their company mission . MARKETING MIX OF NESTLE PRODUCTS There are 4 disparate crucial company constituents inside Nestle that are utilized to grasp assorted food products. Beverages – One of the most recognized and accepted coffee brands Nescafe, belongs to the house of Nestle and is one of the cash cows for Nestle. Though, it is not the biggest cash cow. Nestle has a worldwideRead MoreNestle Italy Study Analysis Essay948 Words   |  4 Pagesvolume sales increased 25% due to Nestle had 14% price cut. However, the price cut was not a sustainable marketing strategy to gain market share. It often affected product image and led to a sales decline in the long run. ï‚ ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Brand image was high in national level.    How has Nescafe’s positioning evolved? ï‚ ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In a survey of Nescafe Image Tracking Study: 1978-1988 ï‚ · Nescafe’ customers’ attitude towards the flavor and good taste of its instant coffee were stated from neutral inRead MoreNescafe Vision Mission Goal1652 Words   |  7 PagesNescafà ©Ã‚  is a brand of  instant coffee  made by  Nestlà ©. It comes in many different product forms. The name is a  portmanteau  of the words Nestlà © and cafà ©.  Nestlà ©s flagship powdered coffee product was introduced in  Switzerland  on April 1, 1938 after being developed for seven  or eight  years by  Max Morgenthaler  and Vernon Chapman. http://www.nescafe.com/coffee_history_en_com.axcms Background The dairy products at Nestlà © are a big driving force for the growth of the companys sales. With the healthRead MoreNestle Marketing Plan1453 Words   |  6 PagesMarketing Plan - Nescafà © Dictado, Louise Lejano, Mark Albert Basa, Carol Belle Magnaye, Angelica Current Marketing Situation Analysis A. Industry Study Nearly a hundred years after it first started operations in the country, Nestlà © Philippines, Inc. (NPI) today is a robust and stable organization, proud of its role in bringing the best food and beverage throughout the stages of the Filipino consumers’ lives. The Company employs more than 3,200 men and women all over the country. It is now amongRead MoreThe Creation, Development, And Future Of Nestle Toll House Cafe1470 Words   |  6 Pagesbutterfinger bits, candy cane morsels, pumpkin spice morsels, halloween morsels, holiday morsels, dark chocolate baking bar, baking cocoa, and all flavor of cookie dough and coffees. Nestle Toll House Cafe has increased its plan on its current trend in marketing plan. Nestle joined the Grocery Manufacturers Association, National Education Association, Better Business Bureau’s Children’s Food and Beverage Advertising Initiative, The Forest Trust, and it has recently been guaranteeing reduction in sodium byRead MoreMarketing Mix of Nestlà ©4874 Words   |  20 PagesTable of Content CONTENT | PAGES | Introduction | | Company Background | | Segmentation, Targeting and Positioning | | Marketing Environment | | Marketing Mix:ProductPlacePricePromotion | | Proposals | | Conclusion | | References | | Appendices | | Introduction The company that we choose as our title is Nestlà © S.A.. Nestlà © is the world’s largest food and nutrition company. With a manufacturing facility or office in nearly every country of the world, Nestlà © oftenRead MoreNescafe and Social Media6187 Words   |  25 PagesTheory Marketing Concepts †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦4 Social Media †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..5 Social Media Marketing †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..6 Nescafe The Brand †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.7 Nescafe Marketing Analysis (theory implementation) †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦9 Advertising †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦12 Corporate Social Responsibility †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦13 Nescafe and the

Eco-Innovation and Sustainability Management

Question: Define and explain the concept of sustainability management and discuss whether adopting a sustainability management approach can provide useful information for management. Provide your justified opinion on whether organisation should adopt sustainability management or not. Answer: Introduction: The term sustainability management is derived from the term sustainability which is synthesized in the management concepts. The term sustainability contains three twigs. One of the twigs is the nature; another one is the economic, and the last twig of sustainability management is the needs and the importance of the present generation and future generation (Hansen and Brown, 2011). In this research, the analyst will describe the concept of sustainability management, the benefits of the sustainability management and the importance of sustainability management. All the company should absorb the principle of sustainability management. The main principle of sustainability management is: Maintaining the meeting of daily needs of the every person in the world for the present generation and the meeting of daily needs of the world for the future generation. According to World Council for Economic Development (WCED), every person of the present generation should maintain the general needs in the world for the future generation. So, the development of industry should be sustained by the people working in the company (Hansen and Brown, 2011). From the study, it is seen that the organization goal have conflict with a concern for social and environment in conventional business operation. The sustainability management reduces the wastage of resources. Sustainability management deals with internal processes of the organization. In this process, the resources are acquired and managed to enhance the value for stakeholders. Stakeholders mean all the people (staffs, shareholders, and partners, etc.) who are directly and indirectly concerned with the organization of the value chain. It enhances the ability of the substance to the social environment and put back the natural environment within the operational area. The sustainability management can increase the efficiency of the activities related with business operation. Conclusion Sustainability management is very important for the business organization. It improves the operation of the business organization and reduces the future obstacles of social and natural environment and maintains the relationship with stakeholders. It also supports the organization to perform in the difficult situation. Reference Bossink, B. (2012). Eco-innovation and sustainability management. New York: Routledge. Cohen, S. (2011). Sustainability management. New York: Columbia University Press. Freedman, M. and Jaggi, B. (2010). Sustainability, environmental performance and disclosures. Bingley: Emerald. Hansen, S. and Brown, J. (2011). Sustainability management handbook. Lilburn, GA: Fairmont Press. Idowu, S., Capaldi, N., Zu, L. and Das Gupta, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of corporate social responsibility. Berlin: Springer. McElroy, M. and Engelen, J. (2012). Corporate sustainability management. London: Earthscan. Mohrman, S. and Shani, A. (2011). Organizing for sustainability. Bingley: Emerald Group Pub. Sheate, W. (2010). Tools, techniques approaches for sustainability. Singapore: World Scientific Pub. Co.